Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri

B. B. Chaudhuri

	2009
116		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, Sumedha Bera: Handwritten Text Line Identification in Indian Scripts. ICDAR 2009: 636-640
115		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Handwritten Numeral Databases of Indian Scripts and Multistage Recognition of Mixed Numerals. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 31(3): 444-457 (2009)
	2008
114		Hatem Hamza, Yolande Belaïd, Abdel Belaïd, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Incremental classification of invoice documents. ICPR 2008: 1-4
113		Swapan K. Parui, Koushik Guin, Ujjwal Bhattacharya, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Online handwritten Bangla character recognition using HMM. ICPR 2008: 1-4
112		Sucharita Mitra, Mandar Mitra, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: A Rough Set Based Approach for ECG Classification. T. Rough Sets 9: 157-186 (2008)
	2007
111		Angshul Majumdar, B. B. Chaudhuri: Curvelet-Based Multi SVM Recognizer for Offline Handwritten Bangla: A Major Indian Script. ICDAR 2007: 491-495
110		Aurélie Lemaitre, B. B. Chaudhuri, Bertrand Coüasnon: Perceptive Vision for Headline Localisation in Bangla Handwritten Text Recognition. ICDAR 2007: 614-618
109		Mandar Mitra, Sukanya Mitra, J. N. Bera, R. Gupta, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Preliminary Level Cardiac Abnormality Detection Using Wireless Telecardiology System. ICDS 2007: 14
108		Sukanya Mitra, Mandar Mitra, B. B. Chaudhuri: Computation of QRS Vector of ECG Signal for Observation of It's Clinical Significance. PReMI 2007: 439-446
107		Gautam Garai, B. B. Chaudhuri: A distributed hierarchical genetic algorithm for efficient optimization and pattern matching. Pattern Recognition 40(1): 212-228 (2007)
	2006
106		Angshul Majumdar, B. B. Chaudhuri: A MLP Classifier for Both Printed and Handwritten Bangla Numeral Recognition. ICVGIP 2006: 796-804
105		Sukanya Mitra, Mandar Mitra, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: An Approach to a Rough Set Based Disease Inference Engine for ECG Classification. RSCTC 2006: 398-407
	2005
104		K. Roy, Szilárd Vajda, Abdel Belaïd, U. Pal, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: A System for Indian Postal Automation. ICDAR 2005: 1060-1064
103		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri: Segmentation of Touching Symbols for OCR of Printed Mathematical Expressions: An Approach based on Multifactorial Analysis. ICDAR 2005: 177-181
102		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Fusion of Combination Rules of an Ensemble of MLP Classifiers for Improved Recognition Accuracy of Handprinted Bangla Numerals. ICDAR 2005: 322-326
101		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, B. B. Chaudhuri: Databases for Research on Recognition of Handwritten Characters of Indian Scripts. ICDAR 2005: 789-793
100		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, B. B. Chaudhuri: Processing Of Struck-out Handwriting. IICAI 2005: 1312-1321
99		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri: A corpus for OCR research on mathematical expressions. IJDAR 7(4): 241-259 (2005)
	2004
98		Suranjit Sinha, Umapada Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Word-Wise Script Identification from Indian Documents. Document Analysis Systems 2004: 310-321
97		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri, R. P. Ghosh: A Multiple-Classifier System for Recognition of Printed Mathematical Symbols. ICPR (1) 2004: 380-383
96		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri, Adrish Ray Chaudhuri: Identification of Embedded Mathematical Expressions in Scanned Documents. ICPR (1) 2004: 384-387
95		K. Roy, U. Pal, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: A System for Joining and Recognition of Broken Bangla Numerals for Indian Postal Automation. ICVGIP 2004: 581-586
94		Adrish Ray Chaudhuri, Ayanendranath Basu, Kar-Han Tan, Subir Kumar Bhandari, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: An efficient set estimator in high dimensions: consistency and applications to fast data visualization. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 93(3): 260-287 (2004)
93		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri: Recognition of online handwritten mathematical expressions. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B 34(6): 2366-2376 (2004)
92		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Indian script character recognition: a survey. Pattern Recognition 37(9): 1887-1899 (2004)
91		Gautam Garai, B. B. Chaudhuri: A novel genetic algorithm for automatic clustering. Pattern Recognition Letters 25(2): 173-187 (2004)
	2003
90		Utpal Garain, S. Debnath, A. Mandal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Compression of scan-digitized Indian language printed text: a soft pattern matching technique. ACM Symposium on Document Engineering 2003: 185-192
89		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, B. B. Chaudhuri: A Majority Voting Scheme for Multiresolution Recognition of Handprinted Numerals. ICDAR 2003: 16-20
88		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri: On Machine Understanding of Online Handwritten Mathematical Expressions. ICDAR 2003: 349-353
87		Joydip Mitra, Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri, Kumar Swamy H. V., Tamaltaru Pal: Automatic Understanding of Structures in Printed Mathematical Expressions. ICDAR 2003: 540-544
86		Umapada Pal, Suranjit Sinha, B. B. Chaudhuri: Multi-Script Line identification from Indian Document. ICDAR 2003: 880-884
85		Umapada Pal, Suranjit Sinha, B. B. Chaudhuri: Multi-oriented English Text Line Identification. SCIA 2003: 1146-1153
84		Bhabatosh Chanda, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Automatic Selection of Structuring Element for Bengali Numeral Recognition. IJPRAI 17(2): 215-230 (2003)
	2002
83		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, Tanmoy K. Das, Amitava Datta, Swapan K. Parui, B. B. Chaudhuri: Recognition of Handprinted Bangla Numerals Using Neural Network Models. AFSS 2002: 228-235
82		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri: On OCR of Degraded Documents Using Fuzzy Multifactorial Analysis. AFSS 2002: 388-394
81		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri, Tamaltaru Pal: Online Handwritten Indian Script Recognition: A Human Motor Function Based Framework. ICPR (3) 2002: 164-167
80		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, Tanmoy K. Das, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: A Cascaded Scheme for Recognition of Handprinted Numerals. ICVGIP 2002
79		Umapada Pal, Suranjit Sinha, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Multi-Oriented Text Lines Detection, Their Skew Estimation. ICVGIP 2002
78		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Towards Indian Language Spell-checker Design. Language Engineering Conference 2002: 139
77		Adrish Ray Chaudhuri, A. K. Mandal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Page Layout Analyser for Multilingual Indian Documents. Language Engineering Conference 2002: 24
76		Niladri Sekhar Dash, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Using Text Corpora for Understanding Polysemy in Bangla. Language Engineering Conference 2002: 99
75		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, Tanmoy K. Das, Amitava Datta, Swapan K. Parui, B. B. Chaudhuri: A Hybrid Scheme for Handprinted Numeral Recognition Based on a Self-Organizing Network and MLP Classifiers. IJPRAI 16(7): 845-864 (2002)
74		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Identification of different script lines from multi-script documents. Image Vision Comput. 20(13-14): 945-954 (2002)
73		Gautam Garai, B. B. Chaudhuri: A cascaded genetic algorithm for efficient optimization and pattern matching. Image Vision Comput. 20(4): 265-277 (2002)
72		Kiran R. Bhutani, B. B. Chaudhuri, Azriel Rosenfeld: Corrigendum to "A modified Hausdorff distance between fuzzy sets". Inf. Sci. 148(1-4): 233-234 (2002)
	2001
71		Gautam Garai, B. B. Chaudhuri: A Cascaded Genetic Algorithm for Efficient Optimization and Pattern Matching. ICAPR 2001: 32-39
70		U. Pal, Mandar Mitra, B. B. Chaudhuri: Multi-Skew Detection of Indian Script Documents. ICDAR 2001: 292-296
69		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Automatic Identification of English, Chinese, Arabic, Devnagari and Bangla Script Line. ICDAR 2001: 790-794
68		B. B. Chaudhuri, U. Pal, Mandar Mitra: Automatic Recognition of Printed Oriya Script. ICDAR 2001: 795-799
67		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri: Segmentation of Touching Characters in Printed Devnagari and Bangla Scripts Using Fuzzy Multifactorial Analysis. ICDAR 2001: 805-809
66		B. B. Chaudhuri, A. Bhattacharya: On correlation between two fuzzy sets. Fuzzy Sets and Systems 118(3): 447-456 (2001)
65		B. B. Chaudhuri, Utpal Garain: Extraction of type style-based meta-information from imaged documents. IJDAR 3(3): 138-149 (2001)
64		Amitava Datta, Swapan K. Parui, B. B. Chaudhuri: Skeletonization by a topology-adaptive self-organizing neural network. Pattern Recognition 34(3): 617-629 (2001)
63		P. S. Umesh Adiga, B. B. Chaudhuri: An efficient method based on watershed and rule-based merging for segmentation of 3-D histo-pathological images. Pattern Recognition 34(7): 1449-1458 (2001)
62		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Machine-printed and hand-written text lines identification. Pattern Recognition Letters 22(3/4): 431-441 (2001)
	2000
61		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Automatic Recognition of Unconstrained Off-Line Bangla Handwritten Numerals. ICMI 2000: 371-378
60		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, Amitava Datta, Swapan K. Parui, B. B. Chaudhuri, Volkmar Liebscher, Karsten Rodenacker: Shape Extraction of Volumetric Images of Filamentous Bacteria Using Topology Adaptive Self Organization. ICPR 2000: 2291-2294
59		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri: A Syntactic Approach for Processing Mathematical Expressions in Printed Documents. ICPR 2000: 4523-4526
58		P. S. Umesh Adiga, B. B. Chaudhuri: Region based techniques for segmentation of volumetric histo-pathological images. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 61(1): 23-47 (2000)
57		Mandar Mitra, B. B. Chaudhuri: Information Retrieval from Documents: A Survey. Inf. Retr. 2(2/3): 141-163 (2000)
56		U. Pal, Pulak K. Kundu, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: OCR Error Correction of an Inflectional Indian Language Using Morphological Parsing. J. Inf. Sci. Eng. 16(6): 903-922 (2000)
55		B. B. Chaudhuri, Ujjwal Bhattacharya: Efficient training and improved performance of multilayer perceptron in pattern classification. Neurocomputing 34(1-4): 11-27 (2000)
54		B. B. Chaudhuri, Utpal Garain: An Approach for Recognition and Interpretation of Mathematical Expressions in Printed Document. Pattern Anal. Appl. 3(2): 120-131 (2000)
	1999
53		Utpal Garain, B. B. Chaudhuri: Extraction of Type Style based Meta-Information from Imaged Documents. ICDAR 1999: 341-344
52		Arijit Bishnu, B. B. Chaudhuri: Segmentation of Bangla Handwritten Text into Characters by Recursive Contour Following. ICDAR 1999: 402-405
51		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Script Line Separation from Indian Multi-Script Documents. ICDAR 1999: 406-409
50		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Automatic Separation of Machine-Printed and Hand-Written Text Lines. ICDAR 1999: 645-648
49		Gautam Garai, B. B. Chaudhuri: A split and merge procedure for polygonal border detection of dot pattern. Image Vision Comput. 17(1): 75-82 (1999)
48		B. B. Chaudhuri, Azriel Rosenfeld: A Modified Hausdorff Distance Between Fuzzy Sets. Inf. Sci. 118(1-4): 159-171 (1999)
	1998
47		B. B. Chaudhuri, Utpal Garain: An Approach for Processing Mathematical Expressions in Printed Document. Document Analysis Systems 1998: 310-321
46		P. S. Umesh Adiga, B. B. Chaudhuri: Automatic Prostate Cancer Grading System Based on 3-D Histo-Pathological Images. MVA 1998: 250-253
45		Adrish Ray Chaudhuri, Ayanendranath Basu, Subir Kumar Bhandari, B. B. Chaudhuri: Consistent Set Estimation in k-Dimensions: An efficient Approach. SSPR/SPR 1998: 667-676
44		Probal Sengupta, B. B. Chaudhuri: A "Generalized" Lexical Functional Grammar-Based Processing of an Indian Language - Bangla. IJPRAI 12(5): 695-720 (1998)
43		B. B. Chaudhuri, Azriel Rosenfeld: On the computation of the digital convex hull and circular hull of a digital region. Pattern Recognition 31(12): 2007-2016 (1998)
42		B. B. Chaudhuri, U. Pal: A complete printed Bangla OCR system. Pattern Recognition 31(5): 531-549 (1998)
41		P. Mitra, B. B. Chaudhuri: Efficiently computing the closest point to a query line. Pattern Recognition Letters 19(11): 1027-1035 (1998)
40		B. B. Chaudhuri, P. R. Bhowmik: An approach of clustering data with noisy or imprecise feature measurement. Pattern Recognition Letters 19(14): 1307-1317 (1998)
	1997
39		B. B. Chaudhuri, U. Pal: An OCR System to Read Two Indian Language Scripts: Bangla and Devnagari (Hindi). ICDAR 1997: 1011-1015
38		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: Automatic Separation of Words in Multi-lingual Multi-script Indian Documents. ICDAR 1997: 576-579
37		Probal Sengupta, B. B. Chaudhuri: A Delayed Syntactic-Encoding-based LFG Parsing Strategy for an Indian Language - Bangla. Computational Linguistics 23(2): 345-351 (1997)
36		Adrish Ray Chaudhuri, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, Swapan K. Parui: A Novel Approach to Computation of the Shape of a Dot Pattern and Extraction of Its Perceptual Border. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 68(3): 257-275 (1997)
35		B. B. Chaudhuri, U. Pal: Skew Angle Detection of Digitized Indian Script Documents. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 19(2): 182-186 (1997)
34		D. Chaudhuri, B. B. Chaudhuri: A novel multiseed nonhierarchical data clustering technique. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B 27(5): 871-876 (1997)
33		Ujjwal Bhattacharya, B. B. Chaudhuri, Swapan K. Parui: An MLP-based texture segmentation method without selecting a feature set. Image Vision Comput. 15(12): 937-948 (1997)
32		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, Pulak K. Kundu: Texture Synthesis by a Neural Network Model. Neural Computing and Applications 6(1): 2-11 (1997)
31		Punam K. Saha, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, D. Dutta Majumder: A new shape preserving parallel thinning algorithm for 3D digital images. Pattern Recognition 30(12): 1939-1955 (1997)
	1996
30		Punam K. Saha, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: 3D Digital Topology under Binary Transformation with Applications. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 63(3): 418-429 (1996)
29		D. Chaudhuri, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, C. A. Murthy: A data driven procedure for density estimation with some applications. Pattern Recognition 29(10): 1719-1736 (1996)
28		B. B. Chaudhuri: A new definition of neighborhood of a point in multi-dimensional space. Pattern Recognition Letters 17(1): 11-17 (1996)
27		B. B. Chaudhuri, Azriel Rosenfeld: On a metric distance between fuzzy sets. Pattern Recognition Letters 17(11): 1157-1160 (1996)
26		U. Pal, B. B. Chaudhuri: An improved document skew angle estimation technique. Pattern Recognition Letters 17(8): 899-904 (1996)
	1995
25		B. B. Chaudhuri, Nirupam Sarkar: Texture Segmentation Using Fractal Dimension. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 17(1): 72-77 (1995)
24		Probal Sengupta, B. B. Chaudhuri: Projection of Multi-Worded Lexical Entities in An Inflectional Language. IJPRAI 9(6): 1015-1028 (1995)
23		Punam K. Saha, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: A new approach to computing the Euler characteristic. Pattern Recognition 28(12): 1955-1963 (1995)
	1994
22		Punam K. Saha, B. B. Chaudhuri: Detection of 3-D Simple Points for Topology Preserving Transformations with Application to Thinning. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 16(10): 1028-1032 (1994)
21		Punam K. Saha, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, Bhabatosh Chanda, D. Dutta Majumder: Topology preservation in 3D digital space. Pattern Recognition 27(2): 295-300 (1994)
20		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Dynamic clustering for time incremental data. Pattern Recognition Letters 15(1): 27-34 (1994)
19		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: How to choose a representative subset from a set of data in multi-dimensional space. Pattern Recognition Letters 15(9): 893-899 (1994)
	1993
18		Probal Sengupta, B. B. Chaudhuri: A Morpho-Syntactic Analysis Based Lexical Subsystem. IJPRAI 7(3): 595-619 (1993)
17		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, Pulak K. Kundu: Optimum circular fit to weighted data in multi-dimensional space. Pattern Recognition Letters 14(1): 1-6 (1993)
16		Pulak K. Kundu, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Fuzzy geometric feature-based texture classification. Pattern Recognition Letters 14(10): 825-832 (1993)
15		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, Pulak K. Kundu, Nirupam Sarkar: Detection and gradation of oriented texture. Pattern Recognition Letters 14(2): 147-153 (1993)
14		Swapan K. Parui, S. Sarkar, B. B. Chaudhuri: Computing the shape of a point set in digital images. Pattern Recognition Letters 14(2): 89-94 (1993)
	1992
13		D. Chaudhuri, C. A. Murthy, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: A modified metric to compute distance. Pattern Recognition 25(7): 667-677 (1992)
12		Nirupam Sarkar, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: An efficient approach to estimate fractal dimension of textural images. Pattern Recognition 25(9): 1035-1041 (1992)
11		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Concave fuzzy set: a concept complementary to the convex fuzzy set. Pattern Recognition Letters 13(2): 103-106 (1992)
10		D. Chaudhuri, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, C. A. Murthy: A new split-and-merge clustering technique. Pattern Recognition Letters 13(6): 399-409 (1992)
	1991
9		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, G. P. Samanta: Elliptic fit of objects in two and three dimensions by moment of inertia optimization. Pattern Recognition Letters 12(1): 1-7 (1991)
8		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Fuzzy convex hull determination in 2-D space. Pattern Recognition Letters 12(10): 591-594 (1991)
7		Malay Kumar Kundu, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, D. Dutta Majumder: A parallel graytone thinning algorithm (PGTA). Pattern Recognition Letters 12(8): 491-496 (1991)
6		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri: Some shape definitions in fuzzy geometry of space. Pattern Recognition Letters 12(8): 531-535 (1991)
	1990
5		B. B. Chaudhuri: An efficient algorithm for running window pel gray level ranking in 2-D images. Pattern Recognition Letters 11(2): 77-80 (1990)
4		B. B. Chaudhuri: Optimal circular fit to objects in two and three dimensions. Pattern Recognition Letters 11(8): 571-574 (1990)
	1989
3		Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, B. Uma Shankar: An effecient algorithm for extrema detection in digital images. Pattern Recognition Letters 10(2): 81-85 (1989)
	1985
2		Malay Kumar Kundu, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, D. Dutta Majumder: A generalised digital contour coding scheme. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing 30(3): 269-278 (1985)
	1984
1		Bhabatosh Chanda, Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri, D. Dutta Majumder: Some algorithms for image enhancement incorporating human visual response. Pattern Recognition 17(4): 423-428 (1984)

Coauthor Index

1	P. S. Umesh Adiga	[46] [58] [63]
2	Ayanendranath Basu	[45] [94]
3	Abdel Belaïd	[104] [114]
4	Yolande Belaïd	[114]
5	J. N. Bera	[109]
6	Sumedha Bera	[116]
7	Subir Kumar Bhandari	[45] [94]
8	A. Bhattacharya	[66]
9	Ujjwal Bhattacharya	[33] [55] [60] [75] [80] [83] [89] [100] [101] [102] [113] [115]
10	P. R. Bhowmik	[40]
11	Kiran R. Bhutani	[72]
12	Arijit Bishnu	[52]
13	Bhabatosh Chanda	[1] [21] [84]
14	Adrish Ray Chaudhuri	[36] [45] [77] [94] [96]
15	D. Chaudhuri	[10] [13] [29] [34]
16	Bertrand Coüasnon	[110]
17	Tanmoy K. Das	[75] [80] [83]
18	Niladri Sekhar Dash	[76]
19	Amitava Datta	[60] [64] [75] [83]
20	S. Debnath	[90]
21	Gautam Garai	[49] [71] [73] [91] [107]
22	Utpal Garain	[47] [53] [54] [59] [65] [67] [81] [82] [87] [88] [90] [93] [96] [97] [99] [103]
23	R. P. Ghosh	[97]
24	Koushik Guin	[113]
25	R. Gupta	[109]
26	Hatem Hamza	[114]
27	Malay Kumar Kundu (Malay K. Kundu)	[2] [7]
28	Pulak K. Kundu	[15] [16] [17] [32] [56]
29	Aurélie Lemaitre	[110]
30	Volkmar Liebscher	[60]
31	Angshul Majumdar	[106] [111]
32	D. Dutta Majumder	[1] [2] [7] [21] [31]
33	A. Mandal	[90]
34	A. K. Mandal	[77]
35	Joydip Mitra	[87]
36	Mandar Mitra	[57] [68] [70] [105] [108] [109] [112]
37	P. Mitra	[41]
38	Sucharita Mitra	[112]
39	Sukanya Mitra	[105] [108] [109]
40	C. A. Murthy	[10] [13] [29]
41	Tamaltaru Pal	[81] [87]
42	Umapada Pal (U. Pal)	[26] [35] [38] [39] [42] [50] [51] [56] [61] [62] [68] [69] [70] [74] [79] [85] [86] [92] [95] [98] [104]
43	Swapan K. Parui	[14] [33] [36] [60] [64] [75] [83] [113]
44	Karsten Rodenacker	[60]
45	Azriel Rosenfeld	[27] [43] [48] [72]
46	K. Roy	[95] [104]
47	Punam K. Saha	[21] [22] [23] [30] [31]
48	G. P. Samanta	[9]
49	Nirupam Sarkar	[12] [15] [25]
50	S. Sarkar	[14]
51	Probal Sengupta	[18] [24] [37] [44]
52	B. Uma Shankar	[3]
53	Suranjit Sinha	[79] [85] [86] [98]
54	Kar-Han Tan	[94]
55	Kumar Swamy H. V.	[87]
56	Szilárd Vajda	[104]

Colors in the list of coauthors