A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks.

E. F. Codd: A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks. Commun. ACM 13(6): 377-387(1970)

@article{DBLP:journals/cacm/Codd70,
  author    = {E. F. Codd},
  title     = {A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks},
  journal   = {Commun. ACM},
  volume    = {13},
  number    = {6},
  year      = {1970},
  pages     = {377-387},
  ee        = {db/journals/cacm/Codd70.html, http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/362384.362685},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

Abstract

Future users of large data banks must be protected from having to know how the data is organized in the machine (the internal representation). A prompting service which supplies such information is not a satisfactory solution. Activities of users at terminals and most application programs should remain unaffected when the internal representation of data is changed and even when some aspects of the external representation are changed. Changes in data representation will often be needed as a result of changes in query, update, and report traffic and natural growth in the types of stored information. Existing noninferential, formatted data systems provide users with tree-structured files or slightly more general network models of the data. In Section 1, inadequacies of these models are discussed. A model based on n-ary relations, a normal form for data base relations, and the concept of a universal data sublanguage are introduced. In Section 2, certain opera- tions on relations (other than logical inference) are discussed and applied to the problems of redundancy and consistency in the user's model.

Copyright © 1970 by the ACM, Inc., used by permission. Permission to make digital or hard copies is granted provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or direct commercial advantage, and that copies show this notice on the first page or initial screen of a display along with the full citation.

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E. F. Codd: A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks (Reprint). Commun. ACM 26(1): 64-69(1983)

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