Concurrency Control Issues in Nested Transactions.
Theo Härder, Kurt Rothermel:
Concurrency Control Issues in Nested Transactions.
VLDB J. 2(1): 39-74(1993)@article{DBLP:journals/vldb/HarderR93,
author = {Theo H{\"a}rder and
Kurt Rothermel},
title = {Concurrency Control Issues in Nested Transactions},
journal = {VLDB J.},
volume = {2},
number = {1},
year = {1993},
pages = {39-74},
ee = {db/journals/vldb/HarderR93.html},
bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}
Abstract
The concept of nested transactions offers more decomposable execution units and
finer-grained control over concurrency and recovery than "flat" transactions.
Furthermore, it supports the decomposition of a "unit of work" into
subtasks and their appropriate distribution in a computer system as a
prerequisite of intratransaction parallelism.
However, to exploit its full potential, suitable granules
of concurrency control as well as access modes for shared data are necessary.
In this article, we investigate various issues of
concurrency control for nested transactions.
First, the mechanisms for cooperation
and communication within nested transactions should not impede parallel
execution of transactions among parent and children or among siblings.
Therefore, a model for nested transactions is proposed
allowing for effective exploitation of intra-transaction parallelism.
Starting with a set of basic locking rules,
we introduce the concept of "downward inheritance of locks"
to make data manipulated by a parent available to its children.
To support supervised and restricted access,
this concept is refined to "controlled downward inheritence."
The initial concurrency control scheme was based on S-X locks for "flat,"
non-overlapping data objects.
In order to adjust this scheme for practical applications,
a set of concurrency control rules is derived for generalized
lock modes described by a compatibility matrix.
Also, these rules are combined with a hierarchical locking scheme to improve
selective accesses to data granules of varying sizes.
After having tied together both types of hierarchies (transaction and object),
it can be shown how "controlled downward inheritance" for hierarchical
objects is achieved in nested transactions.
Finally, problems of deadlock detection and resolution in nested
transactions are considered.
Copyright © 1993 by the VLDB Endowment.
Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or
distributed for direct commercial advantage, the VLDB
copyright notice and the title of the publication and
its date appear, and notice is given that copying
is by the permission of the Very Large Data Base
Endowment. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires
a fee and/or special permission from the Endowment.
Key Words
Nested transactions,
concurrency control,
locking,
object hierarchies.
Online Paper
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